Data Analysts & Data Scientists

Career Guide, Skills, Salary, Growth Paths & Would I Like It, My MAPP Fit

(ONET alignment: 15-2051.01 Business Intelligence Analysts, overlap with 15-2051.00 Data Scientists, 13-1161 Market Research Analysts)

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1 | Career Snapshot (2024–25 U.S.)

  • What they do: Turn raw data into answers that guide product, marketing, finance, and operations decisions. Build dashboards, run analyses, explain “so what?” to leaders.
  • Median pay (varies by sub-category):
    • Data-oriented roles at the data scientist end: $112,590 (May 2024)
    • Roles grouped as market research analysts: $76,950 (May 2024)
  • Growth outlook (2023–33): Ranges by specialization Data scientists +36%; Operations research analysts +23%; Market research analysts +8% all at or above average.

Why demand is rising: Every function is becoming instrumented product funnels, ad spend, supply chains, clinical trials creating constant need for people who can clean data, visualize results, and influence decisions.

2 | What Data Analysts Actually Do

Domain Core Tasks 2025 Tool-Set
Business Intelligence Build KPIs, dashboards, weekly exec reads SQL, Looker, Tableau, Power BI
Product & Growth Funnel analysis, A/B testing, cohort & retention Python/R, Jupyter, dbt, StatsModels, Experimentation platforms
Revenue & Finance Forecasting, pricing, unit economics Excel/Sheets (advanced), SQL, Prophet, Anaplan
Ops & Supply Chain Inventory & logistics optimization Snowflake/BigQuery/Redshift, Airflow, Mode
Data Quality & Governance Definitions, lineage, metrics layer dbt, Great Expectations, Catalog/Lineage tools
Storytelling Exec-ready visuals and “so-what” narratives Data viz best practices, slide craft
 

(BI/Business Intelligence tasks for analysts align closely with ONET’s Business Intelligence Analysts 15-2051.01.)*

3 | Where They Work & Week-in-the-Life

Sector Cadence Pros Cons
Tech / SaaS Weekly sprints, OKR dashboards Modern stacks, clear metrics Interrupt-driven “quick asks”
Finance / Fintech Month-end closes, stress tests High impact on P&L Tight deadlines, audit rigor
Healthcare / Biotech Study cycles, regulatory reviews Mission-driven, stable Compliance workload (HIPAA, IRB)
Retail / CPG Promo calendars, demand planning Tangible results Seasonal crunches
Government / Nonprofit Quarterly reporting Public impact Legacy systems
 

Most analysts work 40–50 hrs/wk; end-of-quarter spikes are common.

4 | Salary Ladder (2025 base + bonus; varies by market)

Level Comp Range Success Metrics
Data Analyst I $65–85k Accurate dashboards, SLA hit rate
Data Analyst II $85–110k Self-serve models adopted, ad-hoc to insights
Senior Data Analyst $110–140k Drives experiments, teaches SQL/viz
Analytics Lead / Staff $140–175k Metric definitions, cross-team influence
Analytics Manager $150–190k Team velocity, stakeholder NPS
Director / Head of Analytics $180–250k+ KPI strategy, data culture, hiring
 

Bay Area/NYC often +20–30%.

5 | Education & Credential Path

  • Bachelor’s: Data Science, Statistics, Economics, CS, Applied Math.
  • Plus: Solid portfolio (dashboards, notebooks, dbt models).
  • Certs (optional but marketable): Google/IBM Data Analytics, Tableau/Power BI, AWS Data Analytics, dbt Analytics Engineering.
  • Micro-creds: Causal inference short courses; experiment design; SQL performance tuning.

6 | Core Competency Blueprint

  • Languages: SQL (window functions!), Python (pandas, NumPy), R (tidyverse).
  • Analytics: A/B testing, cohort analysis, regression, time-series, segmentation.
  • Data Ops: dbt, Airflow, Git, data modeling (star/snowflake), metrics layer.
  • Viz & Communication: Tableau/Power BI/Looker; executive storytelling.
  • Business Acumen: Finance basics (margins, CAC/LTV), product metrics, marketing analytics.

7 | Key Trends (2025–2030)

  • Self-Serve Analytics & Metrics Layers—consistent KPI definitions reduce debate.
  • AI Copilots for Analysts—code assistants speed SQL/Python; analysts still verify assumptions.
  • Privacy-by-Design—GDPR/CPRA drive minimization, governance, consent tracking.
  • Real-Time Dashboards—streaming telemetry for operations & growth decisions.
  • Cost-Aware Analytics—optimize warehouse spend; query efficiency becomes a KPI.

8 | Pivot Pathways

Feeder Role Transferable Asset      How to Pivot
Financial Analyst Modeling & Excel Learn SQL + a BI tool; build P&L dashboard
Marketing Specialist Campaign data Own attribution & incrementality testing
Ops / Supply Chain Process metrics Build inventory & on-time delivery metrics
Research Assistant Stats & cleaning Package notebooks; add SQL + visualization
Support / Success User insights Build churn/retention dashboards, cohorts
 

9 | Burnout Buffer

  • Request Triage: Intake form with priority & decision owner.
  • Definition First: Lock KPI definitions; reduce rework and debates.
  • Analysis Journal: 10-minute daily log beats context thrash.
  • Stakeholder Office Hours: Batch ad-hoc asks.
  • No-Surprise Fridays: Block focus time for deep dives.

10 | Is This Career Path Right for You?

If you love pattern-hunting, clear writing, and helping teams decide, data analytics fits. If you dread ambiguity or stakeholder back-and-forth, it might feel draining.

Find out free: Take the MAPP Career Assessment at Assessment.com to see how your motivations align with analytical work then map results to analyst roles that match your strengths. (You’ll get personalized matches across analytics specializations.)

11 | 12-Month Skill-Sprint Plan

Month Milestone Artifact
1 SQL mastery (CTEs, windows) SQL repo with solved challenges
2 Tableau/Power BI basics Two polished dashboards (public data)
3 Python analytics (pandas) Notebook: churn or funnel analysis
4 Data modeling (star schema) dbt project with tests & docs
5 Experiment design A/B plan + synthetic results write-up
6 Storytelling & slides 10-slide exec readout from Month 3
7 Warehouse experience Build on Snowflake/BigQuery demo
8 Time-series forecasting Notebook with cross-validation
9 Stakeholder playbook Intake template + SLA definition
10 Portfolio site Publish dashboards/notebooks
11 Mock case interviews 3 full cases with feedback
12 Job/promo push Targeted applications, metrics-led resume
 

12 | Closing Remarks

Data Analysts are the decision accelerators of modern organizations. Master the mix SQL + modeling + business storytelling—and you’ll be the person leaders call before they spend $1 or ship a feature. Validate fit with the MAPP assessment, then build the portfolio that proves you can move a metric.

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