Service Unit Operators, Oil and Gas (“Well-Servicers”)

Career Guide, Skills, Salary, Growth Paths & Would I like it, My MAPP Fit.

(ONET‑SOC Code 47‑5013.00)*

Back to Construction & Extraction

“When the well barks, we answer.”

Drillers create the hole, but service‑unit operators keep it alive—logging, stimulating, fishing, plugging, or sealing it dozens of times over its lifespan. You’ll command a 40‑foot telescoping mast on a self‑propelled well‑service rig (often called a work‑over or slickline unit), manipulate tubing strings thousands of feet down‑hole, and pump anything from diesel to CO₂ to nitrogen to revive production. No other craft in the patch sees more down‑hole drama, or gets called at 2 a.m. to save a $12 million well.

Fast‑Facts Dashboard

Metric Latest National Figure*
Employed (May 2024) Bureau of Labor Statistics
Median Pay **$27.88 hr
Mean Pay $29.58 hr
Job Growth 2023 → 2033 Bureau of Labor Statistics
Annual Openings Bureau of Labor Statistics
Typical Entry Credential None required; CDL‑A & Well‑Control card prized
Training Time to Competency 3–6 months OJT + short courses
 

*U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics OEWS & Employment Projections, release April 2025.

What You’ll Really Do on a 12‑Hour Tour

Phase Core Actions Why It Matters
Rig‑up Spot the truck‑mounted mast over the wellhead; level with hydraulic jacks; connect manifold & flare line. Poor leveling can buckle tubing strings and snap wireline.
Well Control Check Test blow‑out preventer (BOP) rams, function C‑killing valve, verify accumulator pressure. Your life insurance for unexpected gas kicks.
Running Tools Lower gauge carrier, perf gun, or fishing overshot on slickline/coiled‑tubing; monitor depth via electronic encoder. Precision placement decides if production jumps or job invoices eat mud.
Fluid Pumping Mix brine, acid, or nitrogen; chart pressures every 15 sec; bump treat at design rate. Deviations can fracture casing or sand‑out annulus.
Fishing Operations Jar stuck packer or overshot broken tubing; interpret weight‑indicator “feel”; pull up to 100 k lb overpull. Recovering lost equipment saves tens of thousands versus sidetrack.
Plug & Abandon (P&A) Tag bottom, cement squeeze, cut casing, set bridge plug, pressure test. Ensures depleted wells don’t leak hydrocarbons into aquifers.
Rig‑down & Reporting Bleed off, disassemble, pressure‑wash iron, upload digital job ticket with depth/pressure charts. Clean equipment passes inspections; data drives billing and lessons‑learned.
 

One week you’re frac‑plugging 8,000‑ft shale laterals in the Permian, the next you’re hot‑oil flushing paraffin in North Dakota at –20 °F. Variety is the constant.

Gear & Tech in Your Cab

  • Class‑VII Well‑Service Rig: 550‑hp diesel, 96‑ft telescoping mast, 80‑k lb single drum.
  • Coiled‑Tubing Units (CTU): 2”–2⅞” OD tubing spooled on 10‑ft wide reels, injector runs 110‑k lb thrust/pull.
  • Wireline & Slickline:108–0.160‑in braided cables with real‑time CCL/gamma logging via surface panel.
  • Pressure Pumpers: Triplex/quintuplex pumps 15K psi @ 2.5 bpm for acid spearheads.
  • Digital Well‑Service Consoles: Touch‑screens log depth, line speed, weight, annular pressure, export to WITSML.
  • Drones & LiDAR: Survey pad obstructions, inspect mast crown while feet stay on ground.
  • AR Safety Glasses (pilots): Overlay torque specs, red‑zone alerts, and BOP test steps.

Skills That Keep the Pipe Moving

  1. Mechanical Feel – Hear a crown sheave squeak before it seizes; sense slickline tension changes indicating tool impact at depth.
  2. Situational Awareness – Mud pumps, diesel exhaust, H₂S monitors, crane swings, multitask or mishap.
  3. Math & Pressure Logic – Calculate annular volumes, hydrostatic heads, bleed‑off rates on the fly.
  4. Calm Under Pressure – A tubing leak releasing sour gas at 3 a.m. isn’t a quiz; it’s life‑or‑death.
  5. Documentation Discipline – Regulators, clients, and auditors live on digital tickets; missing data erodes trust (and bonus).
  6. Team Communication – Clear hand signals amid engine roar; bilingual crews common in shale basins.

If your MAPP Assessment lights up Realistic (hands‑on), Investigative (diagnosing wells), and Conventional (strict procedures) motivators, you’ll likely thrive here.

Work Environment & Lifestyle

Factor Reality
Schedule 14‑on/14‑off or 21‑on/7‑off; 12‑hr day/night shifts.
Locations Remote pads, Permian, Bakken, Eagle Ford, Marcellus; offshore platforms with heli‑commute.
Climate 115 °F desert sun, –30 °F blizzards, Louisiana swamp humidity.
Housing Man‑camp trailers/offshore quarters; free meals, laundry, patchy Wi‑Fi.
Crew Size 3–8 (operator, derrickhand, floorhand, helper, sometimes snubbing/BOP specialist).
Union Presence Mostly open‑shop; IUOE locals on some northern work‑over rigs.
 

Safety & Health Snapshot

  • Top Hazards: Pressurized iron >15 k psi, dropped objects, sour‑gas (H₂S), pinch points, heat stress.
  • Controls: Lock‑out/tag‑out, five‑way H₂S monitors, stab‑in safety valves, zone‑lighting red‑zones, stop‑work authority.
  • Trend: Automation and robotics are boosting labor productivity and safety, share of employment drops slightly as tech adoption rises Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Training & Credentials

Step Duration Content
Greenhand Ride‑Along 2–4 weeks Hose handling, PPE, rig‑up steps, hand signals.
CDL‑A with Air‑Brake & Tank 4–6 weeks Required to drive service rig/CTU on public roads.
IADC WellSharp® Well‑Service Certification 3–5 days Pressure control, kick detection, kill‑sheets.
H₂S Clear & PEC SafeLand 1 day each Gas detection, escape packs, LOTO fundamentals.
Coiled‑Tubing Field Specialist (various vendors) 1–2 days classroom + 3 jobs onsite Injector hydraulics, reel ops, fatigue tracking software.
Wireline/Slickline Operator Course (API RP 67) 5 days Toolstrings, explosive‑perforating safety, depth correlation.
Advanced Cross‑Training 6–12 months Cementing, snubbing, fishing school—makes you invaluable.
 

No college needed, but an Associate in Applied Petroleum Technology can fast‑track you into supervisor seats.

Career Ladder & Pay Evolution

  1. Rig Helper / Swamper – $18‑$22 hr; rig‑up iron, clean threads, fetch tools.
  2. Floorhand / Service Tech I – $23‑$27 hr; operate tongs, maintain pump, basic data entry.
  3. Service Unit Operator (Driller of Well‑Service)$27‑$33 hr; command mast, depth, pressure charts.
  4. Lead Operator / Rig Push – $70k–$95k salary + pad bonus; oversee multiskid operations, mentor rookies.
  5. Field Supervisor / Company Man – $110k–$160k; coordinate multi‑vendor interventions, handle client P&L.
  6. Technical Specialist (CT, Wireline, P&A) – $130k–$190k; run high‑spec jobs, develop procedures.
  7. Consultant / SME Trainer – $1,000+ per day; global travel, audits, curriculum design.

Salary Deep‑Dive (OEWS May 2024)

Percentile Hourly Annual
10 % $18.31 $38,090
25 % $21.91 $45,570
Median (50 %) $27.88 Bureau of Labor Statistics
Mean $29.58 Bureau of Labor Statistics
90 % $41.99 Bureau of Labor Statistics
 

Regional premiums: North Dakota ($72 K mean), Alaska’s North Slope, and deepwater Gulf floaters pay 10–25 % higher; extended‑reach CT crews pocket hefty per‑diem.

Job‑Market Outlook

  • Modest Net Growth: +2.1 % through 2033, productivity gains temper head‑count, but new wells, refracs, and decommissioning create steady demand Bureau of Labor Statistics.
  • Replacement Demand: Nearly 5 K openings a year as gray‑beards retire or move into automation roles.
  • Energy‑Transition Upside: Service rigs already repurpose for CO₂‑injection, geothermal work‑overs, and plug‑and‑abandon contracts—skills remain transferable.
  • Automation: Remote‑operated catwalks and auto‑tongs trim crews, but skilled operators still pilot pressure control, interpret down‑hole telemetry, and lead safety culture.

Pros & Cons

Why Operators Stay Why Some Leave
High pay, fast, approach $60 K inside a year, six‑figures as supervisor. Two‑week hitches far from family; life structured around the crew‑change.
Half‑year schedule, 14 days off straight equals real vacations. 12‑hour shifts in extreme climates; fatigue demands discipline.
Adrenaline & Tech, pressure control, wireline explosives, real‑time down‑hole data. Cyclical layoffs when oil drops below $55/bbl.
Clear ladder & certifications, merit trumps degrees. Injury risks: high‑pressure iron, H₂S, dropped objects; constant vigilance.
 

Are You Ready to Keep the Well Flowing?

If the idea of wrangling 15 k psi iron, diagnosing invisible down‑hole mysteries with data and instinct, and banking serious pay without a college loan excites you—while strict safety rules and weeks away from home don’t scare you—then this trade may feel less like work and more like destiny. A MAPP Career Assessment weighted toward Realistic & Investigative preferences is a strong green light.

Is this career path right for you?

Find out Free.

  1. Take the MAPP Career Assessment (100% free).
  2. See your top career matches, including five free custom matches to gauge whether service‑unit life aligns with your motivations.
  3. Get a personalized compatibility score and step‑by‑step guidance toward training, certifications, and employers who need you.

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